Shaving and facial-hair designs require knowledge about bone structure and _________ features.
facial
Curly facial hair requires special care because it grows in a _______ direction as it grows out of the follicle.
looped
Ingrown hairs are often the result of improper hair _________ by a razor, tweezers, or trimmer.
removal
The direction and pattern of hair growth needs to be analyzed before beginning the shave to identify where the grain changes occur and to observe ___________ patterns that may influence the procedure.
growth
There are ______ shaving areas of the face to be shaved during the first-time-over part of the service.
14
The three positions and strokes used in facial shaving are
freehand, backhand, and reverse freehand.
The freehand position and stroke is used in 6 of the 14 shaving areas.
1, 3, 4, 8, 11, and 12
The backhand stroke is used in 4 of the 14 shaving areas
Areas 2, 6, 7, and 9
The reverse-freehand stroke is used in 4 of the 14 shaving areas.
Areas 5, 10, 13, and 14
The reverse-backhand stroke is only used during
a neck shave with the client sitting in an upright position.
Typically, the right-handed barber uses a reverse-backhand stroke when shaving the client’s left sideburn outline and behind the_______ ear along the side of the neck.
left
The shave procedure begins with the barber standing at the client’s side; right-handed barbers stand at client’s________; left-handed barbers stand at client’s left side.
right side
The three main steps of a standard professional shave are
preparation, shaving, and finishing.
The First-Time-Over Shave
The first-time-over shave is actually the primary shave in a standard shave service that is performed on lathered facial hair.
The Second-Time-Over Shave
The second-time-over shave is performed for one of two reasons, either as a step that follows the first time-over shave or as part of a close shave
The Once-Over Shave
To perform a once-over shave, use a few more strokes while shaving across the grain in each shaving area.
The Close Shave
Close shaving is the practice of shaving the beard against the grain during the second-time-over phase of the shave.
The Neck Shave and the Outline Shave
A neck shave traditionally accompanies a facial shave and involves shaving the neckline on both sides of the neck behind the ears and across the nape if desired or necessary.
A complete outline shave includes the sideburn, around the ear, behind the ear areas, and sometimes the front hairline, and typically follows a haircut
Factors to consider when consulting with a client about suitable mustache designs are
his facial features, hair growth and texture, and personal taste.
The correct shaping or design of the beard can emphasize pleasant facial features, minimize less desirable ones, and _________ flaws
camouflage
Identify three client characteristics that barbers should be aware of before beginning the shave service.
Hair texture, hair growth patterns, and product sensitivity.
List the steps to prepare the client for a shave.
1. Seat the client comfortably in the chair.
2. Ask client to loosen his collar; drape client.
3. Change headrest cover and adjust it to the proper height.
4. Lower, adjust, and lock the chair to the proper height and level.
5. Wash and dry hands.
6. Lay a clean towel diagonally across the client’s chest.
7. Tuck the towel into the neckband of the drape; tuck a towel or neck strip into the neckband on top of the drape and lay it across the client’s chest.
What effect does shaving cream have on facial hair?
Shaving cream cleanses the face, softens the hair, holds hair upright, and creates a smooth surface.
Describe how to work shaving cream into a lather.
Use brisk, rotary movements with the cushions of the fingertips.
What effect do hot towels have on facial hair?
Steaming softens hair cuticles, stimulates oil glands that lubricate the skin, and relaxes the client.
Identify several skin conditions that may prohibit the application of hot steam towels.
Hot steam towels should not be applied when the skin is sensitive, irritated, chapped, or blistered.
Identify the four razor-holding positions or strokes.
Freehand, backhand, reverse freehand, and reverse backhand.
What three razor strokes are used in facial shaving?
Freehand, backhand, and reverse freehand.
Shaving strokes should be performed in what relation to the grain of the hair?
Shaving strokes are made with the grain of the hair, except when performing an once-over or close shave.
Identify the number of shaving areas of the face.
Fourteen
What two types of shaves are performed in a standard shave service?
The first-time-over shave is followed by the second-time-over shave in a standard shave service.
Explain the difference between the first-time-over shave and the once-over shave.
The first-time-over shave is performed by shaving with the grain of the hair. The once-over shave is performed by shaving a few more strokes across the grain with each shaving movement.
List the finishing steps of a facial shave.
1. Apply light facial cream or moisturizing lotion with effleurage massage movements.
2. Apply a moderately warm towel over the face.
3. Remove the towel from the face.
4. Gently apply a toner or other mild astringent using cotton pledgets or soft tissue to remove excess facial cream.
5. Remove the towel from the client’s chest and place over the client’s face.
6. Pat dry the lower part, then the upper part, of the face. Remove the towel.
7. Prepare a towel wrap.
8. Sprinkle talcum powder on the towel and apply evenly to the face.
9. Slowly raise the chair to an upright position.
10. Perform a neck shave if requested.
11. Comb the hair as desired.
12. Wipe off loose hair, lather, or powder from the client’s face and clothing.
Explain how a close shave differs from a standard shave and why it may be undesirable.
A close shave is the practice of shaving against the grain during the second-time-over phase; the standard shave is performed by shaving with the grain of the hair growth. Close shaving might be undesirable because it may irritate the skin or lead to infection or ingrown hairs.
List the important characteristics used to determine a mustache design.
The important characteristics used to determine a mustache design are width of the mouth; size of the nose; shape of the upper lip area; the width of cheeks, jaw, and chin; and density of hair growth.
Explain why some barbers prefer to cut and style the hair before performing a beard trim service.
Some barbers prefer to cut and style the hair before the beard trim to better balance the length and fullness of the beard with the hairstyle.
Individual variables that must be considered before performing a shave do not include
hair color
The correct angle of cutting the beard with a straight razor is called the
cutting stroke
To achieve the proper cutting stroke, the razor must glide over the surface at an angle
with the grain of the hair
The number of razor positions and strokes in facial shaving is
four
Some states may prohibit the use of _____________ straight razors
conventional
A gliding stroke directed toward the barber is used with the _________ stroke
freehand
The reverse freehand stroke is directed
upward
The reverse backhand stroke is used only for shaving
the neck
Steaming helps to __________ the hair cuticle and stimulate _____________ .
soften, oil glands
Preparing the face for shaving involves ____________ and _____________.
lathering and steaming
Close shaving is the practice of shaving the beard ____________ during the second-time-over phase of the shave.
against the grain
Shaving both sides of the neck below the ears and across the nape is called a(n)
neck shave
Lathering the face for shaving serves to keep facial hairs
upright position
Mustache and beard design should depend on the client’s facial features and
hair growth pattern
A practical tip for beard design is to work with the __________ hairline
natural
While shaving with the dominant hand, the opposite hand stretches the skin
gently
If a slight cut or scratch occurs during the shave service, apply
styptic powder or liquid styptic
Large coarse facial features require a ___________ mustache
heavier
Ingrown hairs are a common problem of
curly hair
The actual movement of the razor as it is held is known as
stroke
Angle the razor __________ relative to the skin surface.
30 degrees
The holding position of the razor for the reverse backhand is
the same as the backhand
Warm shaving lather is usually produced in a(n)
electric latherizer