[qdeck dataset=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards”]
[i] The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards [start]
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de54c8b00c645″ question_number=”1″] epidermis
[a] The epidermis, also known as cuticle or scarf skin, is the outermost protective layer of the skin and is the thinnest layer of the skin.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de539eaa1a645″ question_number=”2″] Stratum Corneum
[a] The stratum corneum, or horny layer, is the outer layer of the epidermis.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de524f636a245″ question_number=”3″] Stratum Lucidum
[a] The stratum lucidum, or clear layer, lies beneath the stratum corneum and consists of small, transparent cells through which light can pass.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de51255d78245″ question_number=”4″] Stratum Granulosum
[a] The cells of the stratum granulosum are filled with keratin and almost dead, and are pushed to the surface to replace cells that are shed from the stratum corneum.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de4fd616c7e45″ question_number=”5″] Stratum Spinosum
[a] The stratum spinosum, or spiny layer, often classified as part of the germinativum, is a sub-layer that lies above the basal strata and beneath the stratum granulosum.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de4e86d017a45″ question_number=”6″] Stratum Germinativum
[a] The stratum germinativum, also known as the malpighian or basal cell layer, is the deepest layer of the epidermis.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de4a98fc06e45″ question_number=”7″] dermis
[a] The dermis is the underlying, or inner, layer of the skin.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de4949b556a45″ question_number=”8″] Papillary Layer
[a] The papillary layer lies directly beneath the stratum germinativum of the epidermis.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de47fa6ea6645″ question_number=”9″] Reticular Layer
[a] The reticular layer is the deeper layer of the dermis, which supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de46d068b4645″ question_number=”10″] Subcutaneous Tissue
[a] Subcutaneous tissue, also known as adipose tissue, is a layer of fatty tissue found below the dermis.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de45a662c2645″ question_number=”11″] Blood and lymph supply nourishment to the skin in the form of ________, carbohydrates, and fat.
[a] protein
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de44571c12245″ question_number=”12″] As blood and lymph circulate through skin, they deliver materials for growth, nourishment, and repair of skin, ______, and nails.
[a] hair
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de432d1620245″ question_number=”13″] The skin contains the surface endings of many nerve fibers, which are classified as motor, sensory, and ________ nerve endings.
[a] secretory
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de4203102e245″ question_number=”14″] The papillary layer of the dermis houses the nerve endings that provide the body with the sense of _______.
[a] touch
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de40d90a3c245″ question_number=”15″] The color of the skin, whether fair or dark, depends on genetics and ________
[a] melanin
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de3f89c38be45″ question_number=”16″] The skin gets its strength, form, and flexibility from protein fibers within the dermis called collagen and _______.
[a] elastin
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de3e5fbd99e45″ question_number=”17″] Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands
[a] The sudoriferous glands consist of a coiled base (called a fundus) and a tube-like duct that terminates at the skin surface to form the sweat pore.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de38d8215c645″ question_number=”18″] Sebaceous (Oil) Glands
[a] The sebaceous, or oil, glands of the skin are connected to the hair follicles.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de37ae1b6a645″ question_number=”19″] Limited absorption occurs through the skin cells, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sudoriferous glands and allows for the entry of specialized drugs or _________ into the body.
[a] chemicals
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de36841578645″ question_number=”20″] The principal functions of the skin are protection, sensation, heat regulation, absorption, excretion, and ________.
[a] secretion
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de355a0f86645″ question_number=”21″] Lesions of the skin
[a] A lesion is a mark on the skin that may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de340ac8d6245″ question_number=”22″] Primary lesions of the skin
[a] Primary lesions are lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de32e0c2e4245″ question_number=”23″] Secondary Lesions
[a] Secondary Lesions are characterized by an accumulation of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or by depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de31dbfdb0645″ question_number=”24″] Open Comedo
[a] Open comedo, also known as a blackhead, is a hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de30b1f7be645″ question_number=”25″] Closed Comedo
[a] Closed comedo, also known as a whitehead, appears as a small bump just under the skin surface.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de2fad328aa45″ question_number=”26″] Milia
[a] Milia are benign, keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de2e832c98a45″ question_number=”27″] Acne
[a] Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions. Minor forms of acne can be treated without medical referral.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de2c79a231245″ question_number=”28″] Sebaceous Cysts
[a] A sebaceous cyst is a large, protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de2b4f9c3f245″ question_number=”29″] Seborrheic Dermatitis
[a] Seborrheic dermatitis, or seborrhea, is a skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands, and is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de2a25964d245″ question_number=”30″] Rosacea
[a] Rosacea, previously called acne rosacea, is a chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de2920d119645″ question_number=”31″] Basic acne treatment includes daily use of gentle cleansers and toners; spot treatment with follicle exfoliants; and use of a light __________ to keep skin balanced.
[a] moisturizer
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de27f6cb27645″ question_number=”32″] Anhidrosis
[a] Anhidrosisis a deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat, often a result of damage to autonomic nerves. Can be life threatening and requires medical attention.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de26f205f3a45″ question_number=”33″] Bromhidrosis
[a] Bromhidrosis results in foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de25ed40bfe45″ question_number=”34″] Hyperhidrosis
[a] Hyperhidrosis is characterized by excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de24c33acde45″ question_number=”35″] Milaria Rubra
[a] Milaria rubra, also known as prickly heat, is an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles accompanied by burning, itching skin.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de21ff6caf245″ question_number=”36″] As a barber, you will need to be able to distinguish between noncontagious and ___________ skin inflammations and infections.
[a]
contagious
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de20d566bd245″ question_number=”37″] Dermatitis
[a] Dermatitis is the general term for an inflammatory condition of the skin. Ivy dermatitis is a skin inflammation caused by exposure to poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac leaves.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1fd0a189645″ question_number=”38″] Eczema
[a] Eczema is an inflammatory skin disease that may be acute or chronic in nature and present in many forms of dry or moist lesions
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1ecbdc55a45″ question_number=”39″] Psoriasis
[a] Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by dry red patches covered with coarse, silvery scales
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1da1d663a45″ question_number=”40″] Herpes Simplex I
[a] Herpes simplex is a recurring viral infection that produces fever blisters or cold sores characterized by a single vesicle or group of vesicles with red, swollen bases.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1c9d112fe45″ question_number=”41″] Ivy Dermatitis
[a] Ivy dermatitis is a skin inflammation caused by exposure to poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac leaves.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1b984bfc245″ question_number=”42″] Barbers are often in the position to notice changes in a client’s skin and it is important to be able to differentiate between skin ___________ and hypertrophies.
[a] pigmentations
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1a9386c8645″ question_number=”43″] Skin pigment can be affected by internal factors such as heredity or hormonal fluctuations, or by external factors such as prolonged exposure to the _______.
[a] sun
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de198ec194a45″ question_number=”44″] hypertrophy of the skin
[a] A hypertrophy of the skin is an abnormal growth of the skin.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de1864bba2a45″ question_number=”45″] There are three types of skin cancer:
[a] basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de175ff66ee45″ question_number=”46″] Diet and protection are the major factors involved in maintaining the skin’s overall ______ and appearance.
[a] health
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de165b313b245″ question_number=”47″] Briefly describe healthy skin.
[a] Healthy skin is slightly moist, soft, elastic, and flexible, with a smooth, fine-grained texture.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de14072557245″ question_number=”48″] Identify the appendages of the skin.
[a] The appendages of the skin are hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de12dd1f65245″ question_number=”49″] The stratum corneum
[a] or horny layer, is the outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of scale-like cells that are continually shed and replaced by cells coming to the surface from the underlying layers. These cells are made up of a protein called keratin, which combines with a thin layer of oil to help make the stratum corneum a protective, waterproof layer.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de11b31973245″ question_number=”50″] The stratum lucidum
[a] or clear layer, lies beneath the stratum corneum and consists of small, transparent cells through which light can pass.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de10ae543f645″ question_number=”51″] The stratum granulosum
[a] or granular layer, consists of cells that look like distinct granules. The cells are almost dead and are pushed to the surface to replace cells that are shed from the stratum corneum.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de0fa98f0ba45″ question_number=”52″] The stratum spinosum
[a] or spiny layer, often classified as part of the germinativum, is a sub-layer that lies above the basal strata and beneath the stratum granulosum. The process that causes skin cells to shed begins in this layer.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de0e7f8919a45″ question_number=”53″] The stratum germinativum
[a] also known as the Malpighian or basal layer, is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is the reproductive layer, responsible for the growth of the epidermis. It contains a dark pigment called melanin, which protects the sensitive cells below from the destructive effects of excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de0d558327a45″ question_number=”54″] The dermis is the inner layer of the skin. It is also called the derma, corium, cutis, or true skin. It is about __ times thicker than the epidermis and consists of connective tissue. It has blood vessels, nerves, lymph and oil glands, hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, and papillae.
[a] 25
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de0a91b508e45″ question_number=”55″] The dermis consists of two layers: the papillary or superficial layer, and the _________ or deeper layer.
[a] reticular
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de098cefd5245″ question_number=”56″] The papillary layer
[a] lies directly beneath the epidermis. It contains small, cone-shaped projections of elastic tissue called papillae that point upward into the epidermis. Tactile corpuscles with nerve fiber endings are sensitive to touch and pressure. This layer also contains some melanin.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de0862e9e3245″ question_number=”57″] The reticular layer
[a] is the deeper layer of the dermis. It supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients and contains fat cells, sweat glands, blood vessels, hair follicles, lymph glands, arrector pili muscles, and oil glands.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de075e24af645″ question_number=”58″] Sometimes, subcutaneous tissue, also known as _______ tissue, is considered part of the dermis. It is a layer of fatty tissue found below the dermis.
[a] adipose
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de06595f7ba45″ question_number=”59″] How is the skin nourished?
[a] Blood and lymph supply nourishment to the skin.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de05549a47e45″ question_number=”60″] Name three types of nerve fibers found in the skin.
[a] Motor, sensory, and secretory.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de044fd514245″ question_number=”61″] What determines the color of the skin?
[a] Melanin and heredity.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de034b0fe0645″ question_number=”62″] Identify two types of glands found in the skin and describe their functions.
[a] Sudoriferous, or sweat, glands regulate body temperature and help to eliminate waste products from the body. Sebaceous, or oil, glands connect to the hair follicle and secrete sebum, which lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de022109ee645″ question_number=”63″] List the six important functions of the skin.
[a] Sensation, heat regulation, absorption, protection, excretion, and secretion.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|de011c44baa45″ question_number=”64″] What is a lesion?
[a] A lesion is a structural change in the tissues caused by injury or disease.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddfde8b461245″ question_number=”65″] What are the characteristics of primary skin lesions?
[a] Primary lesions are characterized by flat, non-palpable changes in skin color (e.g., macule); by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity (e.g., pustules); or by elevated, palpable solid masses (e.g., papule).
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddfc742cf2a45″ question_number=”66″] Describe the characteristics of secondary skin lesions.
[a] Secondary lesions are characterized by a collection of material on the skin (e.g., scale, crust, or keloid), or by a loss of skin surface (e.g., ulcer or fissure).
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddfb4a2700a45″ question_number=”67″] What are some characteristics of seborrheic dermatitis?
[a] Redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, excessive oiliness over the face or scalp, and/or itchiness.
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddfa20210ea45″ question_number=”68″] Which three disorders of the sudoriferous glands require medical attention?
[a] Anhidrosis (lack of perspiration) and hyperhidrosis (excessive perspiration).
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf91b5bdae45″ question_number=”69″] Healthy skin should be free of blemishes and
[a] slightly moist
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf81696a7245″ question_number=”70″] The two main divisions of the skin are the epidermis and the
[a] dermis
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf711d173645″ question_number=”71″] The color of the skin is due to the amount of blood it contains and
[a] melanin
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf60d0c3fa45″ question_number=”72″] The layer of the epidermis that is continually being shed and replaced is the
[a] stratum corneum
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf49884d1245″ question_number=”73″] The epidermis contains
[a] small nerve endings
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf393bf9d645″ question_number=”74″] The stratum lucidum is also known as the ________ layer
[a] clear
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf28efa69a45″ question_number=”75″] The dermis is also known as the corium, cutis, derma, and
[a] true skin
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf18a3535e45″ question_number=”76″] The papillary layer of the dermis contains looped capillaries and
[a] nerve endings
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddf0857002245″ question_number=”77″] Arrector pili muscles are found in the
[a] reticular layer
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddef80aace645″ question_number=”78″] Subcutaneous tissue consists mainly of
[a] fatty tissue
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddee56a4dc645″ question_number=”79″] The skin is nourished through the _________ supply
[a] blood and lymph
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde8848722645″ question_number=”80″] Motor nerve fibers are distributed to the
[a] arrector pili muscles
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde77fc1eea45″ question_number=”81″] The function of sebum is to keep the skin
[a] lubricated
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde67afcbae45″ question_number=”82″] Clients with an unrecognizable skin or scalp condition should be
[a] referred to a physician
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde550f6c8e45″ question_number=”83″] Examples of primary lesions include all of the following except
[a] scar, fissure, keloid
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde44c3195245″ question_number=”84″] An inflamed pimple containing pus is called a
[a] pustule
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde3222ba3245″ question_number=”85″] A thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue is called a
[a] keloid
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde1f825b1245″ question_number=”86″] An abnormal growth of skin tissue that is usually benign or harmless is called a(n)
[a] hypertrophy
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dde0ce1fbf245″ question_number=”87″] Liver spots on the skin are examples of
[a] lentigines
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dddfa419cd245″ question_number=”88″] _________ is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease with dry red patches and coarse silvery scales.
[a] Psoriasis
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddde7a13db245″ question_number=”89″] __________ is a recurring viral infection that produces fever blisters or cold sores.
[a] Herpes simplex
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|dddc95ca31e45″ question_number=”90″] Closed comedones are commonly known as
[a] whiteheads
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddd8f2779da45″ question_number=”91″] Excessive perspiration is typical of
[a] hyperhidrosis
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddd77df02f245″ question_number=”92″] The most common and least severe type of skin cancer is
[a] basal cell carcinoma
[q json=”true” dataset_id=”The Skin—Structure, Disorders, a Diseases flashcards|ddd0cc4dffa45″ question_number=”93″] The most serious form of skin cancer, characterized by dark patches on the skin, is
[a] malignant melanoma
[/qdeck]